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These illustrations show different styles of so-called “acorn hats,” a fairly simple cap. These largely appear in the second half of the 15th century, though the height and style vary considerably; whether this is due to a form flattering to the wearer, or local fashions, it’s hard to say.
It seems that towards the end of the 15th century, they evolve into a shorter cap in Italian portraits, and perhaps evolve into the folded-brim caps seen on northern European portraits (as those worn with hat badges).
- St. Eligius in his Workshop by Petrus Christus, 1449
- Portrait of a young man by Cosmè Tura, 1450-1452
- Procession of the Youngest King by Benozzo Gozzoli, 1459-1460
- The Execution of the Innocent Count (detail) and The Ordeal by Fire (detail from the Diptych of The Justice of Emperor III by Dieric Bouts the Elder, c. 1460
- Portrait of a man by Dieric Bouts the Elder, 1462
- Portrait of a man by Dieric Bouts the Elder, c. 1462
- Detail from The Last Supper on the Altarpiece of the Holy Sacrament by Dieric Bouts the Elder, 1464-1467
- Portrait of Anthony of Burgundy by Hans Memling, 1467-1470
- Portrait of a man by Dieric Bouts the Elder, c. 1470
- Portrait of a man by Andrea Mantegna, c. 1470
- Portrait of an old man by Hans Memling, c. 1470-1475
- Portrait of Jacques of Savoy by Hans Memling, 1470s
- Portrait of a man by Francesco del Cossa, 1472-1477
- Portrait of a man with a medal of Cosimo the Elder by Sandro Botticelli, c. 1474
- Deathbed of Duke Godfrey of Bouillon, Chronique d'Ernoul et de Bernard le Trésorier (British Library Royal 15 E. I, fol. 150v), late 15th century
- Portrait of a man by Antonello da Messina, c. 1475-1476
- Portrait of a young man by Baldassare Estense, c. 1475
- Several in the Wolfegg Housebook illustrations, c. 1475-1485
- Portrait of a young man before a landscape by Hans Memling, c. 1480
- Portrait of Giovanni il Bentivoglio by Ercole de' Roberti, c. 1480
- Portrait of a young man at prayer, 1480s
- The family of Uberto de' Sacrati, 1480s
- Portrait of a young man by Sandro Botticelli, 1482-1483
- Portrait of a young man by Sandro Botticelli, c. 1483
- Portrait of a youth by Filippino Lippi, c. 1485
- Several in the Tournament-Book of King René. Use Mandragore to find Français 2695 (c. 1460) or Français 2692 (c. 1488-1489) or Français 2693 (c. 1488-1489), for example. Several of the heralds wear the acorn hats on their own; others apparently to wear the acorn-style hats under other (fur? beaver?) round hats with turned-up brims; see BNF Fr. 2695, fol. 19 for example.
- An old man and his grandson by Domenico Ghirlandaio, c. 1490
- Portrait of a musician by Leonardo da Vinci, 1490
- Portrait of Giovanni Bentivoglio by Lorenzo Costa, c. 1492
- Portrait of an elderly man by Luca Signorelli, c. 1492
- Portrait of Francesco delle Opere by Pietro Perugino, 1494
- Portrait of a young man by Giovanni Bellini, 1500
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