18th Century Punch
Last updated: July 22, 2024
Benjamin Franklin described the making of punch in Poor Richard’s Almanac in 1737:
Boy, bring a Bowl of China here,
Fill it with Water cool and clear:
Decanter with Jamaica ripe,
And Spoon of Silver clean and bright,
Sugar twice-fin’d in pieces cut,
Knife, Sieve and Glass, in order put,
Bring forth the fragrant Fruit, and then
We’re happy till the Clock strikes Ten.
Both men and women drank punch in a variety of social settings, including punch houses as well as pubs and taverns. In 1774, Edward Topham describes a social gathering in Edinburgh:
This shrine of festivity is nothing more than an oyster-cellar, and its votaries the first people in Edinburgh. A few evenings ago I had the pleasure of being asked to one of these entertainments, by a Lady. At that time I was not acquainted with this scene of 'high life below stairs,' and therefore, when she mentioned the word Oyster Cellar, I imagined I must have mistaken the place of invitation: she repeated it it, however, and I found it was not my business to make objections; so agreed immediately. You will not think it very odd, that I should expect, from the place where the appointment was made, to have had a partie tête-à-tête …
The large table, round which they were seated, was covered with dishes full of oysters, and pots of porter. For a long time, I could not suppose that this was the only entertainment we were to have, and I sat waiting in expectation of a repast that was never to make its appearance. This I soon verified, as the table was cleared, and glasses introduced. The ladies were now asked whether they would choose brandy or rum punch? I thought this question an odd one, but I was soon informed by the gentleman who sat next to me that no wine was sold here; but that punch was quite 'the thing.' The ladies, who always love what is best, fixed upon brandy punch, and a large bowl was immediately introduced. The conversation had hitherto been insipid, and at intervals; it now became general and lively.
Pehr Kalm recalled a conversation on the good and harm of punch, in his Account of His Visit to England (1748):
I asked Mr. Catesby and Dr. Mitchel whether they thought that Punch was a useful or a baneful drink? They answered that their opinion was that it is beneficial or baneful according as it is prepared. Mr. Catesby said that his experience in Virginia and Carolina had been as follows. They drank at one time Punch which was made of strong Brandywine or rum and water with much sugar in it, but only a little lemon-juice was added. The effect, which they gradually found, of this was, that after some time they got a kind of Paralysis, which was such that they could not hold anything with the fingers; for they had almost no strength in them, but were obliged to place everything they wished to take hold of between the two hands. For example, they could not hold the glass which they wished to raise to the mouth with the fingers, which they could not press together, but between the wrists.
Afterwards they began to diminish the quantity of Brandywine and sugar but to put more lemon-juice in it, after which they did not get such troublesome paralysis, although commonly the sad future consequence was that he who drank Punch generally became very palsied in his old age.
This page has punch recipes from 18th century sources, illustrations of punch drinkers, punch parties, and punchbowls, extant punchbowls, and strainers & ladles.
18th century recipes for punch
- To make Punch from The queen-like closet by Hannah Woolley, c. 1670 (and Punch’s version)
- A pleaſant and grateful ſort of Punch from Pharmacopœia Bateana, or Bate’s Diſpenſatory, 1720
- A somewhat rambling discussion of the medicinal benefits of various ingredients in punch: Having had frequent Occaſion to mention Drams, Punch, Cyder, &c. in the foregoing Rules for the Uſe of our Waters, I have here given the Advantages and Diſadvantages, Uſe and Abuſe of those Liquors, as explanatory Notes, from The Natural, Experimental, and Medicinal History of the Mineral Waters …, 1734
- Benjamin Franklin’s milk punch recipe, 1763 (and Food Republic’s version)
- A Remarkable Bowl of Punch, The Historical Magazine, 1792; “On the 25th of October 1694, a bowl of punch was made at the right honourable Edward Ruſſel’s houſe” (and 12 Bottle Bar’s version)
Illustrations of punchbowls and/or punch drinking
- The happy Clubb, A new Song, c. 1712-1783
- A Midnight Modern Conversation by William Hogarth, 1732 (see also A Midnight Modern Conversation after William Hogarth)
- Figures in a tavern or coffee house, c. 1725 or after 1750
- A Harlot’s Progress by William Hogarth, 1731
- On Mr Groves, 1734
- A Rake’s Progress III by William Hogarth, 1734
- Headpiece illustration to The Musical Entertainer, 1737-1738
- The Spendthrift, 1740-1767
- The Humours of a Wapping Landlady, c. 1743
- The Naval Nurse, or Modern Commander, 1750
- Sea captains carousing in Surinam by John Greenwood, c. 1752-1758
- A Punch Party in Florence by Thomas Patch, 1760
- The Catch Singers, Real Characters, 1764
- Mirth and Friendship, 1768-1772
- Two gentlemen seated in an interior, smoking
- Ha! ha! hah!, 1770-1780
- The City Junto or the Min_st_l Aldermen of Gotham in Consultation, 1772
- Human Passions Delineated, 1773
- The Refusal, 1774
- A Society of Patriotic Ladies at Edenton in North Carolina, 1775
- The Pretty Bar Maid, 1778
- A Bagnio Scene, 1778
- Miss Tipapin Going For All Nine, 1779
- Hyde Park, 1780
- The Hireling-Constable, 1780
- Two sailors carousing, c. 1780s
- A man sits at a table with a punchbowl, representing the letter D (for “drunkard”), by Thomas Bewick, 1781
- Sir Samuel House, 1781
- Lofty Riding, or Miss Folly’s Head Exalted, 1781
- Deceitful Kisses, or the Pretty Plunderers, 1781
- Wine is a Mocker, 1782
- Old What Sheaf in the Trap of Venus and Bacchus, 1782
- A Rich Privateer brought into Port, by Two First Rates, 1782
- The Contrast, 1783
- Glee singers executing a Catch by Robert Dighton, c. 1785-1786
- Smithfield Sharpers by Thomas Rowlandson, 1787
- O Tempora, O Mores!, 1787
- The Country Club, 1788
- Symptoms of Drunkenneſs: Quite finished?, 1790
- Three ladies drinking punch by Thomas Rowlandson
- The Sailor’s Pleasure, 1790-1800
- Ecclesiastic Opinions Concerning the Devil!!, 1791
- St James’s St Giles’s by Thomas Rowlandson, 1792
- New Cloathed Poets!!, 1792
- A Cock and Bull Story, 1793
- The Smoaking Club, 1793
- Jack’s Return After Lord Howe’s Glorious Victory, 1794
- British Soldiers Drowning Care, 1794
- Let Us All Be Unhappy Together, 1794
- A Relish, 1794
- A Magisterial Visit, 1795
- The Pretty Barr Maid by Thomas Rowlandson, 1795
- Settling a Political Debate, 1795
- Swearing at Highgate, 1796
- The Celebrated Mr Jno Cussans, 1798
- And the 'Tisick, the Colic, Punch cures the Gout by James Gillray, 1799
- Checkmate by Thomas Rowlandson
- Naval officers and a bowl of punch by Thomas Rowlandson
- Illustration from Sir Launcelot Greaves, 1800
- The Prodigal Son in Excess, early 19th century
- Serving Punch by Thomas Rowlandson, between 1815 and 1820
Punchbowls from the 18th century
Additional Resources
Drinking punch in the eighteenth century
“One More Bowl and Then?” A Material Culture Analysis of Punch Bowls
A punchbowl identified at Augustine Creek South and related artifacts in Ordinary and Poor People in 18th-Century Delaware
- Colonial Williamsburg 1968-52, a Chinese Imari-style export porcelain punchbowl, c. 1720
- MFA 51.773, a Chinese punchbowl with a European hunting scene, c. 1722-1735
- Winterthur 2003.0022.073, faience punchbowl made in London with a spouting whale on the interior, 1725-1735
- Winterthur 2016.0034.024, made in England; inscribed “Drink Fair Dont Swar”
- British Museum 1887,0210.134 made in England; inscribed “Drink Faire Dont Sware 1728”
- Winterthur 2003.0022.028, speckled punchbowl with fish on the outside and floral decorations on the inside, made in London or Bristol c. 1730-1740
- Winterthur 2003.0022.031, punchbowl with cupids and speckled design on exterior, Bristol, c. 1730-1740
- Winterthur 1964.1216, made in Liverpool or London c. 1730-1760
- Winterthur 2016.0034.008, faience punchbowl made in England; inscribed “Drink Fair Dont Swear 1737”
- Mount Vernon W-2100, an enamelled porcelain punchbowl in the famille rose palette, “likely brought to Mount Vernon by Martha Washington from her first marriage,” c. 1735-1757
- British Museum 1887,0307,H.41, made by Enoch Booth (?) in Tunstall, 1743
- Met 40.133.1a, b, a covered punchbowl made in China for the Swedish market, 1745-1755
- British Museum E.159, made in Liverpool, 1746; a bust crowned with laurel and inscribed “Confusion to the Pretender 1746”
- British Museum 1890,1210.1, made in Liverpool or London, 1749; Prince Charles Edward Stuart in highland dress, crown and shield
- Mount Vernon M-4536/A, a Chinese export porcelain punch bowl originally owned by Sarah Bradlee Fulton, c. 1750
- British Museum 1887,0307,E.117, made in England, mid-18th century; inscribed “One more and then”
- V&A C.23-1951, a Chinese porcelain punchbowl for the export market with a scene from Hogarth’s Gate of Calais, c. 1750-1755
- British Museum 1887,0307,E.82, made in London, c. 1750-1760; arms and supporters of Gardeners’ Company and inscribed “WILLIAM GOODENOUGH GARDENER AT BARNS IN SURRY”
- Mount Vernon H-37, a china punchbowl possibly owned by Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Maryland, c. 1750-1775
- British Museum 1960,0702.1, made in Dublin in 1753
- British Museum 1887,0210.136, made in Liverpool, c. 1754; pastoral landscape and inscribed “Richard Wyatt Appelsham Prosperety to the Flock May th30 : 1754”
- London delft punch bowl circa 1755, “Painted on the exterior with Chinese landscapes in blue and manganese inscribed 'One Bowl More And Then' with a floral bianco-sopra-bianco band below the rim”
- ENGLISH DELFT BLUE AND WHITE PUNCH BOWL, PROBABLY LIVERPOOL, 1750-60 English Delft blue and white punch bowl, probably Liverpool, 1750-1760
- British Museum 1887,0307,V.34, a Chinese-style punchbowl made in Worcester c. 1756-1780
- Met 51.86.413, a porcelain punchbowl made in China for the British market, c. 1760
- Levy 5500, English Delft punch bowl decorated in “Fazackerly” colors, Liverpool, c. 1760
- National Trust 921639, Dutch Delft blue and white punch bowl, 1760
- Historic Deerfield 16-A>, English delft punch bowl decorated with floral sprays in Fazackerly colors, c. 1760
- Creamware cherry and flower punchbowl excavated from the cellar of the Washington family home at Ferry Farm, probably made in the 1760s or early 1770s
- Winterthur 2003.0022.030, made in London c. 1760-1770; floral decoration on the outside, interior inscribed “My wife drinks Tea / And I’le drink punch”
- Museum of the American Revolution 2015.02.0001, made in Liverpool c. 1760-1770, with a ship and the inscription “Success to the Triphena”
- V&A C.346-1940, porcelain punchbowl made in Worcester and decorated with purple transfer print, c. 1765
- Winterthur 2003.0022.029, speckled punchbowl made in London, c. 1765-1770; inscribed on interior, “Rouse up Bold Buttons fam’d of Old / your powerfull Arms advance / Now let the Shamefull tale be told / you Subjecks were to France”
- Winterthur 2003.0022.019 and 2003.0022.023, made in Bristol c. 1765-1775; speckled exterior, interior with swimming fish
- Historic Deerfield 2014.3, blackware decorated in gold and silver with Jacobite motifs, c. 1766
- Winterthur 2003.0022.026, punchbowl with floral decorations, made in London 1765-1775
- V&A C.20-1951 and Museum of the American Revolution 2012.00.0001, Chinese porcelain punchbowl made for the English market with the legend “Wilkes & Liberty” and portraits of John Wilkes and William Murray, Earl of Mansfield, 1770-1775
- Historic Deerfield 2120, a Chinese export porcelain punch bowl decorated in the Mandarin palette with hunting scenes, c. 1770-1780
- Colonial Williamsburg 2001-50, a Chinese porcelain punchbowl with neoclassical floral decorations, c. 1770-1790
- Winterthur 1959.2691 Wedgwood punchbowl commissioned by the Paris Mining Company, c. 1774-1784
- Historic Deerfield 1999.27.3, Chinese export porcelain punch bowl c. 1775
- British Museum 1887,0210.135, made in London, c. 1775-1780; inscribed “Succeſs to Trade.” (See also English Delft punch bowl inscribed “Succeſs to Trade,” with a “the exterior painted with a chinoiserie landscape scene,” probably Liverpool, third quarter of the 18th century.)
- British Museum Franks.1403, made in China c. 1779; English harvest scenes and inscribed “Felden Farm” / “Harvest Home” / “J C” / “1779”
- Historic Deerfield 1130.1, a Wedgwood creamware bowl with black transfer prints and personalized with an inscription, "JOHN JANSTON" c. 1780
- Historic Deerfield 1998.6.2, an English pearlware punchbowl with a fish and the words "Drink Round" c. 1780
- Winterthur 1960-1158, 1960.1159, 1960.1160, 1960.1161, 1960.1162, and 1962.0583, a group of similar Chinese punchbowls made in China c. 1780-1790
- Historic Deerfield 2000.35, small English pearlware punch bowl inscribed "Paſs it Round" c. 1785-1795
- Historic Deerfield 2772, a Chinese export porcelain (hong) punch bowl decorated with scenes of the Canton waterfront, 1788-1789
- Historic Deerfield 2110, a Chinese export porcelain punch bowl in the Famille rose palette, c. 1790
- MFA 51.770, made in China for export to the American market, design featuring a warship and an eagle, c. 1795
Punch strainers
These also occasionally pop up on eBay.
- Winterthur 2001.0002.010, made in Boston by Jacob Hurd, c. 1720-1758
- Winterthur 1976.0022, made by Bartholomew Le Roux II in New York, c. 1739-1763
- Massachusetts Historical Society 02.001, made in Boston by William Breed from silver captured by John Vryling during the Siege of Cartagena, 1741; see also Spoils of War: John Vryling’s Silver Punch Strainer
- Art Institute of Chicago 1943.799, made in Boston by William Simkins, c. 1743-1760
- MFA 1991.1011, made in Boston by Paul Revere, Sr., c. 1745-1750
- Mount Vernon W-2688 made in London c. 1750-1751 and probably “part of the Custis plate brought by Martha Washington Mount Vernon from her first marriage”
- Cleveland Museum of Art 1940.249 made by Paul Revere II in Boston c. 1760
- Yale University Art Gallery 1930.1001, a punch strainer made in Rhode Island by Jonathan Clarke, 1765
- Massachusetts Historical Society, a punch strainer belonging to John Hancock, made in England in the 18th century
Punch ladles
Additional Resources
Unless otherwise noted, most 18th century punch ladles are silver. (You can also find 18th century punch ladles on eBay.)
- V&A 1193-1902, an English punch ladle with a wooden bowl
- MFA RES.35.39, a ladle with a horn stem and a bowl with a Queen Anne shilling set into the center
- National Trust 1151598, 1728
- MFA 18.31, made by Samuel Meriton in London, 1747-1748
- Winterthur 1996.0004.072, made by Benjamin Hurd in Boston, c. 1760-1781
- MFA 12.1157, marked by John Nicholson, made in Ireland c. 1780
- Met 39.91, made in Philadelphia c. 1780-1800
- Met 24.109.43, made by Joseph Anthony Jr. in Philadelphia c. 1783-1800
- National Trust 852192, punch ladle with lipped bowl and turned wooden handle, 1798