For more on this subject, including construction of balls and the rules for medieval ball games, see these links.
- Wooden bowling ball from Medieval York; see also Leather and Leatherworking in Anglo-Scandinavian and Medieval York for medieval leather balls
- A ball player, Magnum legendarium austriacum (Stiftsbibliothek Zwettl cod. 13, fol. 5r), 13th century
- Men playing skittles (fol. 187) and another ball game (fol. 207), Lancelot du Lac (British Library MS Royal 20 D IV), beginning of the 14th century
- A game of boules in the border of the Romance of Alexander (BNF Fr. 789, fol. 22), first quarter of the 14th century
- A ballgame, Lancelot du Lac (British Library Royal 20 D IV, fol. 207r), first quarter of the 14th century
- Apes playing boules in a border from a Bible (BNF Fr. 13096, fol. 25), 1313
- Fols. 67r, 82v, 96v, 148r, psalter (Douce 6), c. 1320-1330
- Men playing pitch-in-the-hole, The Luttrell Psalter (British Library MS Add. 42130, fol. 193v), c. 1325-1335
- Stick-ball (fol. 22r)
and
boules (fol. 63r),
Romance of Alexander (Bodley 264, fol. 63r), c. 1338-44
- Men playing ballgames, including some with bent sticks, on fols.
94v,
95r,
98v,
and 111r,
The Smithfield Decretals (British Library Royal 10 E IV), c. 1340
- Small leather ball found in London, dating from the mid to late 1300s; “formed of four pieces of leather sewn around a solid moss stuffing”
- Noblemen and women playing ball (also here) in a fresco at Runkelstein Castle at Bolzano, c. 1390-1395
- Fols. 96r, 102r, 122r, a book of hours (Douce 62), c. 1400
- The Pilgrim meets Youth in Die pelgrimage van der menscheliker creaturen (The Hague, KB, 76 E 6), c. 1440-1460
- A game played with a curved stick and ball in February (fol. 2v) and November (fol. 11v), the Book of Hours of Adélaïde de Savoie (Musée Condé 78, fol. 8v), c. 1460-1465
- Scaevola plays pelota, Les Fais et les Dis des Romains et de autres gens (British Library Harley 4375, fol. 151v), c. 1473-1480
- Throwing a ball (ÖNB 2861, fol. 95r), c. 1474-1574
- The Seven Ages of Man has a boy with a ball and curved stick, De proprietatibus rerum (British Library Royal 15 E II, fol. 139v), 1482
- Children playing, a book of heraldry (ÖNB 12820, fol. 182r), c. 1484-1486
- Post-medieval leather ball found in London, c. 1485-1603
- Two boys tease a baby in a walking-frame, the Book of Hours of the Ango Family (BNF NAL 392, fol. 26 bis), 1500
- Boys playing bowls (fol. 12r) and animals playing a game with bent sticks and croquet-like hoops (fol. 29v), a book of hours (Douce 276), beginning of the 16th century
- Playing skittles, Breviary of Eleanor of Portugal (PML M.52, fol. 6v), c. 1500-1510
- January: five boys play a game with bent clubs and a ball, a book of hours, 1515
- Boys playing marbles (fol. 26v) and four men playing a game resembling golf (fol. 27r), the Golf Book (Brit. Lib. Add. 24098, fol. 27), 1540
Polo
- Ardashîr is grateful to reconnaissant Shâpûr I, Shâh-nâma (BNF suppl. pers. 1280, fol. 365), c. 1490
- Afrâsiyâb and Siyâvûsh play polo, Shâh-nâma (BNF suppl. pers. 1122, fol. 90), beginning of the 16th century
- Polo scene, Garaib us-sigar (British Library MS Or. 13061, fol. 87v), c. 1520-1530
- Polo, Kulliyyat (British Library MS Add. 24944, fol. 291), 1566
- Ardashîr is grateful to Shâpûr I, Shâh-nâma (BNF suppl. persan 2113), 1567
- Playing polo, Dîvân (BNF suppl. persan 1309, fol. 147), c. 1575
- Siyavush playing polo, Shahnama (British Library Add. 27257, fol 107), c. 1590-1595
- Siyawush playing polo, Shahnama of Firdawsi (British Library I.O. ISLAMIC 3254, fol. 75v), c. 1590-1600
- Playing polo, Garâ'îb al-Sigâr (BNF suppl. turc 762, fol. 141v), 16th century
- Ball games (perhaps jeu de paume) in fols. 7r and 85v, a book of hours (Douce 135, fol. 7r), second quarter of the 16th century
- The story of David and Bathsheba, 16th century
- Boys playing ball games, 16th century
- January: Boys playing games, including two who are playing with a ball and bent sticks, a book of hours (BNF Ea 25 fol), 1522
- A ball for 'real' or 'royal' tennis fashioned from leather with a stuffing of compacted dog's hair, discovered in the rafters of Westminster Hall, probably dating to c. 1550-1600
- The Kermis of St George after Pieter Bruegel the Elder, published by Hieronymus Cock c. 1553-1556
- Bowling from Melancolia in the Garden of Life by Matthias Gerung, 1558
- A game of skittles, a gradual (British Library Add. 16175, fol. 347), 1570
- Playing tennis, Illustrissimi Wirtembergici … (British Library MS 10261.e.3), c. 1600
- Playing a ball-game, c. 1600-1637
- Football, Illustrations of the Three Powers (British Library MS 15024.a.1), 1609
- A Scene on the Ice near a Town (with a game of kolf) by Hendrick Avercamp, c. 1615
- A game of kolf on the ice by Hendrik Avercamp, c. 1620
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