| Additional examples from the mid-15th through early 17th centuries are available through The Archimedes Project Machine Drawings Database. See also Stefan's Florilegium. 
Martyrdom of St. John, Bible (BNF Fr. 403, fol. 2), c. 1250St. John the Evangelist in a vat of boiling oil in the Apocalypse Manuscript (Getty Ludwig III 1, fol. 1), c. 1255-1260The martyrdom of St. John (fol. 63v) and St. Laurent (fol. 77v), The Picture-Book of Madame Marie (BNF NAF 16251), c. 1285-1290Herr Jakob von Warte, Manesse Codex (UBH Cod. Pal. germ. 848, fol. 46v), 1300-1330A man with bellows at a fire under a three-legged cauldron, the Smithfield Decretals (Brit. Lib. Royal 10 E IV, fol. 142r), c. 1300-1340Martyrdom of St. John, Bible (BNF Fr. 13096, fol. 1v), 1313The martyrdom of St. Barnaby (fol. 183) and St. Laurent (fol. 211), The Lives of the Saints (BNF Fr. 183), first half of the 14th centuryFols
70v and 157r of the Luttrell Psalter (Brit. Lib. Add. 42130), 1325-1340A blacksmith, The book of the treasure (BNF Fr. 571, fol. 66v), c. 1326The martyrdom of St. Barnaby (fol. 69v), St. Pantaleon (fol. 92v), and St. Denis (fol. 206v) The Lives of the Saints (BNF Fr. 185), second quarter of the 14th century
A woman blacksmith and a man (probably Hedroit and his wife) in The Holkham Bible (British Library MS Add. 47680), c. 1327-1335The Romance of Alexander (Bodl. 264), 1338-1344, fols. 84r, 164v, 165r, and 171vTwo blacksmiths, Liber Astrologiae (Brit. Lib. Sloane 3983, f. 5), second half of the 14th centuryThree men tortured in a furnace in The Lives of the Saints (BNF Fr. 1584, fol. 131), c. 1377| A below, whanne he is opened, he takiþ in wijnd, & whanne he is closid, he puttiþ out wijnd & blowiþ þe fier. Lanfranc's Science of Cirurgie(Bodl. Ashmole 1396)
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 The martyrdom of St. John, Bible (BNF Ned. 3, fol. 1), 14th-15th centuryDetail from the February fresco at Castello Buonconsiglio, c. 1405-1410Pride (fol. 50v), Hell (fol. 118), punishment of the misers (fol. 122v), punishment of the impious (fol. 124v),  in The Pilgrimage of Human Life/The Pilgrimage of the Soul (BNF Fr. 376), second quarter of the 15th centuryThe Holy Family at supper, The Hours of Catherine of Cleves (PML M.917, fol. 151), c. 1440Vulcan forges the arms of Aeneas, Virgil's Aeneid (BNF Latin 7939 A, fol. 156), 1458Man put to a question under torture, Facta et dicta memorabilia (BNF Fr. 289, fol. 375v), second half of the 15th centurySeveral martyrdom scenes in the Speculum historiale, 1463, including St. Seraphia (BNF Fr. 50, fol. 379), St. Eustace (fol. 380), St. Laurent (BNF Fr. 51, fol. 31), St. Vincent (fol. 83v), St. Faith (fol. 85v), and St. Laurent (fol. 437v)The martyrdom of St. Laurent, The Golden Legend (BNF Fr. 245, fol. 34), c. 1480-1490The martyrdom of St. John (fol. 32) and St. Vincent (fol. 54v), The Golden Legend (BNF Fr. 244), c. 1480-1490Man with bellows, c. 1486-1500Vulcan, Êchecs amoreux (BNF Fr. 143, fol. 148), c. 1496-1498Some of the smiths in the Mendel Hausbuch, including a smith (1426), a farrier (1427), a farrier (1432), a farrier (1467), and a nailsmith (1529)Bellows for raising water in a sketch by Leonardo da Vinci (Codex Atlanticus, fol. 5r), c. 1478-1518John boiled in oil, Hours of Henry VIII (PML H.8, fol. 7), c. 1500Detail from an altarpiece with the story of St. Catherine, c. 1500-1510The Bellows-Repairer by Hieronymus Bosch A set of bellows from the first half of the 16th century with a scene of the Flight into EgyptBellows, The Tudor Pattern Book (Ashmole 1504, fol. 5v), c. 1520-1530A 16th century Dutch engraving ("WE HEBBEN PANT")The Alchemist by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, 1558-1559 (also reversed, c. 1584?)A goldsmith's workshop and another goldsmith's workshop by Étienne Delaune, 1576Bellows, 17th century |