18th Century Embroiderers
Last updated: Jan 17, 2024
Images of 18th century embroiderers at work can help you understand the sorts of frames and tools that were used.
Perhaps even more instructive are unfinished works left behind by 18th century needleworkers. Connecticut Historical Society 1935.10.1 (c. 1750-1755), for example, is an unfinished embroidery of the Pitkin family coat of arms “worked in shades of red, pink, brown, and green silk and silver metallic thread on a black satin-woven silk ground, using a shaded satin stitch and other stitches … The unfinished portions of the coat of arms are outlined in white paint.” The embroidery remains attached to the slate frame on which it was worked: “The ground is whip-stitched to plain-woven linen backing and nailed to a wooden embroidery frame. The wooden frame is constructed of four rails, each with a lap joint at the end that is secured with a removable wooden pin.” Some of the skeins of silk accomany the work: “81 skeins of silk thread wrapped in paper, some with printed text; 3 round bundles of silk floss, in white, pink and salmon; 3 twisted bundles, or sticks, of silk floss in cream, gold and bronze; 6 lengths of metallic thread wrapped around a wooden reel or paper; 3 nails; several needles left in the skeins. The unused skeins of silk were originally wrapped in plain gray paper and tied together in groups by color. The used skeins were rewrapped in blank, hand-written or printed paper.”
Colonial Williamsburg 1997-98 is an incomplete tent-stitched needlework picture by Lucy Palmer of Windham, Connecticut, dated 1757. The ink outlines are still visible on many of the unstitched areas of the linen ground fabric, which is still nailed into the wooden frame on which 15-year-old Lucy was working on it, attached “with rose head nails on its top and bottom.”
MoMu Fashion Museum Antwerp T12/1012/E32 (c. 1780-1800) consists of an embroidery kit and an unfinished embroidered waistcoat front. The cardboard box itself is covered with wallpaper on the outside and lined with domino paper on the inside, like other band boxes of the 18th century. The internal compartments contain embroidery threads, chenille, and ribbon.
- Embroidery lessons by E. Porzelius, 1689
- Het Menselyk Bedryf: The Embroiderer by Jan & Caspar Luyken, 1694
- Woman in an interior, c. 1700
- The Embroiderer by Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin, 1735-1736
- Jane Allgood
- The Embroiderer by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, c. 1740; also here
- The Hard-Working Mother by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, 1740
- Portrait of Madame Antoine Crozat by Jacques-André-Joseph Aved, 1741
- The Marquise de Castellane with her embroidery by Jacques-André-Joseph Aved, c. 1743-1766; see also The mystery of Jacques Aved and a French revolutionary’s grandmother
- A portrait of the Vigor family: Jane Vigor, Joseph Vigor, Ann Vigor, William Vigor and probably John Penn by Joseph Highmore, 1744
- Embroidery frame, mid-18th century
- Portraits of women by Louis Carrogis Carmontelle, including:
Portrait of a lady, 1759
Madame la duchesse de La Vallière, 1760
Madame la comtesse de Damas - Lady Elizabeth Harcourt by Paul Sandby, c. 1759-1760
- Embroiderer, Diderot’s Encyclopédie, Paris, 1763
- Horace Walpole’s Nieces: The Honorable Laura Keppel and Charlotte, Lady Huntingtower by Allan Ramsay, 1765
- Marquise de Caumont La Force by François Hubert Drouais, 1767
- Herzogin Maria Charlotte Amalie von Sachsen-Gotha und Altenburg by Johann Georg Ziesenis, 1768
- The young embroiderer at the birdcage by Jacobus Buys
- Penelope, 1780
- The young embroiderer by Jean-Étienne Liotard
- The embroidery workshop by Pietro Longhi
- Women’s Pastimes
- Young woman embroidering by Jean-Etienne Liotard
- Maria Amalia of Habsburg Lorraine by Jean-Etienne Liotard
- An embroidery workshop by Augustin de Saint-Aubin
- Sarah Tucker by Ralph Earl, 1790
- Portrait of the artist’s wife and son by Henri-Pierre Danloux, 1790
- Lady Jane Mathew and her daughters, c. 1790
- An elegant lady i a garden, embroidering by Jean-Baptiste Huët
Tambour embroidery
Another page on this site links to tambour embroidery on clothing and accessories in the 18th century.
- Portraits of women by Louis Carrogis Carmontelle, including:
Madame d’Alençon
Madame la marquise de Rumain with the Countess de Polignac and Mademoiselle de Romain, her two daughters
Madame de Villaumont and Madame Des Cours
Madame Caze and her children
Madame la marquise d’Echoisy, daughter of Madame de Montauban
The Marquise of Coigny and her son, Augustin
Madame la comtesse de Chevreuse, 1758
Madame la princesse de Bouillon, 1760 - Jeanne-Antoinette Poisson, marquise de Pompadour by François-Hubert Drouais
- Portrait of a lady
- Madame de Pompadour at her Tambour Frame by François-Hubert Drouais, 1763-1764
- The Fair Lady working Tambour, 1764
- Self-portrait of Lady Mary Lowther, Countess of Lonsdale, c. 1765
- Antonia von Dornfeld embroidering a waistcoat pocket-flap
- The Waldegrave Sisters by Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1780
- Arnolda Wilhelmina Brantsen by Louis François Gerard van der Puyl, 1781
- Anna (Dibble) Tucker by Ralph Earl, 1790
- Anna Dorothea Foster and Charlotte Anna Dick by Gilbert Stuart, 1790-1791